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Phase 1 Review Quiz — 150 questions

150 questions 10 sections · Chapters 1–9 Every question fully explained Attempted vs not attempted report
How this one works: answer a question, press Check, and you get the reason it is right, why the tempting answer is wrong, three more examples, a tip to remember it by, and the classic mistake to avoid. Nothing is a one-liner. When you press My results, you get your score section by section, split into what you attempted, what you got right, and what you left blank — because a question you skipped tells us something different from one you got wrong.
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📘 Mini-chapter — the rules this quiz tests

Mini-chapter — the rules this quiz tests

Ten sections, one screen each: the rule, a table, the trap, two examples. Read it, take the quiz, come back to any section that goes badly.

Little words à au · aux de du · des en chez others Verdict right wrong

The shades are a clue: au and du are the darker versions of à and de, because that is exactly what they are — à + le and de + le squeezed together.

S1 Sentence building

  • Rule: a French sentence runs subject + verb + the rest, and the subject is always written out, even when English could drop it.
  • Say it once: the name or the pronoun, never both.
  • A describing word normally follows its noun; only a short common set (grand, petit, bon, jeune, beau, nouveau) goes in front.
  • An adverb sits right after the verb, and phrases of place and time go at the end, place first.
Decide — where each piece lands
The pieceWhere it goesExample
the subjectfirst, always statedMarie est française.Marie is French.
most describing wordsafter the nounJe cherche une voiture rouge.I am looking for a red car.
grand, petit, bon, jeune, beau, nouveaubefore the nounIls ont un nouveau logement.They have a new place to live.
an adverbright after the verbJe parle souvent français.I often speak French.
a phrase of placeat the endNous travaillons à Ottawa.We work in Ottawa.
a phrase of timeafter the place, at the very endNous travaillons à Ottawa le samedi.We work in Ottawa on Saturdays.
Separate — the describing word after the noun vs the short set in front
After the noun — most wordsBefore the noun — the short common set
un dossier importantan important file un bon dossiera good file
une ville canadiennea Canadian city une belle villea beautiful city
des voisins sympathiquesfriendly neighbours de jeunes voisinsyoung neighbours
Trap
Do not name the subject twice: Marie elle est française → Marie est française. And do not leave it out either: Est fatigué → Il est fatigué.
Marie est française et elle travaille dans une petite entreprise.
Marie is French and she works in a small company.
Nous regardons souvent un film canadien à la maison le samedi soir.
We often watch a Canadian film at home on Saturday evenings.

S2 Gender, articles and the partitive

  • Rule: every noun is masculine or feminine, and the ending often tells you: -tion, -té, -ette, -ance are feminine, -ment, -age, -eau, -isme are masculine.
  • Then pick the article: le / la / l’ / les for the one you both have in mind, un / une / des for one among several, du / de la / de l’ for an amount you do not count.
Decide — which article goes in front of the noun
What you meanUseExample
the one we both know, or all of themle · la · l’ · lesJe ferme la porte.I am closing the door.
one among several, first mentionun · une · desElle achète une voiture.She is buying a car.
some of an amount you do not countdu · de la · de l’Je bois du café.I drink coffee.
à or de in front of le or lesau · aux · du · desNous allons au marché.We are going to the market.
after a negativede · d’Il ne mange pas de viande.He does not eat meat.
after a quantity wordde · d’J’ai beaucoup de travail.I have a lot of work.
Separate — after a negative the article turns into de, except with être
Any verb but être → deWith être → the article stays
Je ne bois pas de lait.I do not drink milk. Ce n’est pas du lait.That is not milk.
Il n’a pas de voiture.He does not have a car. Ce n’est pas une voiture.That is not a car.
Nous n’avons pas d’enfants.We do not have children. Ce ne sont pas des enfants.Those are not children.
Trap
The gender belongs to the noun, not to the thing: un question → une question, une problème → un problème. And a quantity word never keeps the full article: beaucoup du travail → beaucoup de travail.
Je prends du café le matin, mais je ne prends pas de sucre.
I have coffee in the morning, but I do not take sugar.
Elle achète une baguette et des fruits au marché.
She buys a baguette and some fruit at the market.

S3 être, c’est and il est

  • Rule: the six forms are je suis, tu es, il / elle est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils / elles sont.
  • Then choose the opening: c’est when a noun with its little word or a name follows, il est or elle est when a bare describing word or a bare job follows.
  • Ce sont covers the plural, il est gives the clock, c’est gives a general reaction.
Decide — what follows tells you which opening to use
What comes nextUseExample
a noun with un · une · le · mon, or a namec’estC’est un ingénieur.He is an engineer.
a bare describing wordil est · elle estElle est fatiguée.She is tired.
a job with nothing in frontil est · elle estIl est avocat.He is a lawyer.
more than one person or thingce sontCe sont mes voisins.Those are my neighbours.
the time on the clockil estIl est huit heures.It is eight o’clock.
a reaction to the whole situationc’estC’est intéressant.That is interesting.
Separate — the same person said two ways
c’est + a noun that carries its little wordil est · elle est + a bare word
C’est une avocate.She is a lawyer. Elle est avocate.She is a lawyer.
C’est une amie française.She is a French friend. Elle est française.She is French.
Ce sont des voisins sympathiques.They are friendly neighbours. Ils sont sympathiques.They are friendly.
Trap
Once a little word sits in front of the noun, the opening has to be c’est: Il est un ingénieur → C’est un ingénieur or Il est ingénieur. In the plural, C’est mes voisins → Ce sont mes voisins.
C’est une collègue de mon frère ; elle est avocate à Québec.
She is a colleague of my brother; she is a lawyer in Quebec City.
Il est huit heures et demie, et ce sont mes voisins dans la cour.
It is half past eight, and those are my neighbours in the yard.

S4 avoir, the avoir-states and il y a

  • Rule: the six forms are j’ai, tu as, il / elle a, nous avons, vous avez, ils / elles ont.
  • A whole set of bodily states runs on avoir where English runs on be: faim, soif, froid, chaud, peur, raison, sommeil.
  • Age works the same way, with ans always written out.
  • Il y a states that something is there.
Decide — the state and the words that carry it
What you meanUseExample
hunger or thirstavoir faim · soifJ’ai faim.I am hungry.
cold or heat felt by a personavoir froid · chaudElle a froid.She is cold.
fear, being right, being sleepyavoir peur · raison · sommeilTu as raison.You are right.
ageavoir + number + ansJ’ai trente ans.I am thirty.
a need, a wish, a painavoir besoin de · envie de · mal àIl a mal à la tête.He has a headache.
something is thereil y aIl y a un parc ici.There is a park here.
Separate — the weather and people on one side, things on the other
The weather with il fait, a person with avoirA thing with être
Il fait froid dehors.It is cold outside — the weather. La soupe est froide.The soup is cold — the thing itself.
J’ai froid ce matin.I am cold this morning — what I feel. Cette chambre est froide.This room is cold — the room itself.
Il fait chaud en été.It is hot in summer. Le café est chaud.The coffee is hot.
Trap
Never use être for these states or for age: Je suis froid → J’ai froid, Je suis vingt ans → J’ai vingt ans. And ans is never left out: Elle a douze → Elle a douze ans.
J’ai faim et mon fils a soif ; il a six ans.
I am hungry and my son is thirsty; he is six years old.
Il y a une pharmacie à côté du parc, et j’ai besoin de médicaments.
There is a pharmacy next to the park, and I need some medicine.

S5 -ER present tense

  • Rule: drop -er and add -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent.
  • Four of those endings are silent, so je parle, tu parles, elle parle and ils parlent all sound the same; only the written form separates them.
  • Before a vowel or a silent h, je becomes j’: j’habite, j’écoute.
Decide — the ending for parler
SubjectEndingExample
je-eJe parle français.I speak French.
tu-esTu parles vite.You speak fast.
il · elle · on-eElle travaille ici.She works here.
nous-onsNous parlons au directeur.We are speaking to the manager.
vous-ezVous habitez à Laval.You live in Laval.
ils · elles-ent, silentIls étudient le soir.They study in the evening.
Separate — the spelling changes and where they show up
Only in nous, to keep the soundEverywhere except nous and vous
nous mangeonswe eat — the e stays after the g j’achète, ils achètentI buy, they buy — the accent appears
nous commençonswe start — the c takes a cedilla je préfère, elles préfèrentI prefer, they prefer
nous voyageonswe travel j’appelle, ils appellentI call, they call — the l doubles
Trap
The nous spellings are not decoration, they hold the sound: nous mangons → nous mangeons, nous commencons → nous commençons. And payer shifts the y: je paye le loyer → je paie le loyer.
Nous mangeons à midi et nous commençons le travail à une heure.
We eat at noon and we start work at one o’clock.
J’habite ici depuis deux ans et je préfère travailler le matin.
I have lived here for two years and I prefer to work in the morning.

S6 Negation

  • Rule: negation comes in two pieces that wrap the verb: ne in front, pas behind.
  • Swap the second piece for jamais, plus, rien, personne to change the meaning.
  • Rien and personne can also be the subject, and then they come first: Rien ne marche.
  • Personne ne répond.
Decide — the second piece carries the meaning
What you meanUseExample
a plain none … pasJe ne travaille pas.I do not work.
not everne … jamaisElle ne sort jamais.She never goes out.
not any morene … plusIl ne fume plus.He does not smoke any more.
not a thing, not a soulne … rien · personneJe ne vois personne.I do not see anybody.
the verb starts with a voweln’ … pasIl n’aime pas ça.He does not like that.
saying yes against a negative questionsiSi, je viens.Yes, I am coming.
Separate — one verb vs two verbs
One verb — the two pieces wrap itTwo verbs — they wrap the first one only
Je ne mange pas.I am not eating. Je ne veux pas manger.I do not want to eat.
Elle ne sort jamais.She never goes out. Elle ne va jamais sortir.She is never going to go out.
Nous ne faisons rien.We are doing nothing. Nous ne pouvons rien faire.We can do nothing.
Trap
Speech drops the ne, writing never does: Je sais pas → Je ne sais pas. And after the negative the article shrinks: Je n’ai pas une voiture → Je n’ai pas de voiture.
Je ne travaille pas le dimanche et je ne sors jamais tard.
I do not work on Sundays and I never go out late.
Elle n’a plus de voiture, donc elle ne veut pas venir.
She does not have a car any more, so she does not want to come.

S7 Questions

  • Rule: the same question has three shapes: leave the word order alone and let the voice rise, put est-ce que in front, or swap the verb and the subject and join them with a hyphen.
  • The question words are où, quand, comment, pourquoi, combien, qui, que.
Decide — the shape of the question
ShapeHow it is builtExample
voice rising, spokennothing changesTu viens ce soir ?Are you coming tonight?
est-ce que in frontest-ce que + normal orderEst-ce que tu viens ce soir ?Are you coming tonight?
verb and subject swappedverb + hyphen + subjectViens-tu ce soir ?Are you coming tonight?
swap where the verb ends in a voweladd -t- between themA-t-il le temps ?Does he have time?
est-ce que before a vowelest-ce qu’Est-ce qu’il travaille ici ?Does he work here?
asking for a piece of informationquestion word in frontOù habites-tu ?Where do you live?
Separate — quel agrees with its noun, qu’est-ce que never moves
quel · quelle · quels · quelles + a nounqu’est-ce que + subject + verb
Quel est ton numéro ?What is your number? Qu’est-ce que tu fais ?What are you doing?
Quelle heure est-il ?What time is it? Qu’est-ce qu’il veut ?What does he want?
Quelles langues parlez-vous ?Which languages do you speak? Qu’est-ce que vous cherchez ?What are you looking for?
Trap
Quel takes the gender and number of the noun after it: Quel langues parlez-vous ? → Quelles langues parlez-vous ?. And the swapped form needs its -t- when two vowels would meet: A-il le temps ? → A-t-il le temps ?.
Est-ce qu’il travaille ici ? Quelle langue parlez-vous à la maison ?
Does he work here? What language do you speak at home?
A-t-il le temps ? Qu’est-ce que vous cherchez dans ce quartier ?
Does he have time? What are you looking for in this area?

S8 Prepositions of place

  • Rule: a town takes à; a country takes en when it is feminine or starts with a vowel, au when it is masculine, aux when it is plural.
  • Origin turns them into de, du, des.
  • A person takes chez. Transport takes en when you sit inside and à when you do not: en voiture, en train, à pied, à vélo.
Decide — what comes after the little word
What comes nextUseExample
a townàJ’habite à Toronto.I live in Toronto.
a feminine country, or one starting with a vowelenIl vit en Espagne.He lives in Spain.
a masculine countryauElle travaille au Portugal.She works in Portugal.
a plural countryauxIls vont aux États-Unis.They are going to the United States.
a person, or their workplacechezJe vais chez le médecin.I am going to the doctor.
where you come fromde · du · desJe viens du Maroc.I come from Morocco.
Separate — position words that end in de vs position words that end in nothing
Ends in de, so it squeezesEnds in nothing, so add nothing
à côté du parcnext to the park dans le parcin the park
près de la garenear the station devant la garein front of the station
en face des magasinsacross from the shops derrière les magasinsbehind the shops
Trap
A person takes chez, a building takes à: Je vais au médecin → Je vais chez le médecin, next to Je vais à la clinique. And a masculine country beginning with a vowel still takes en: au Iran → en Iran.
Nous habitons à Montréal, mais ma sœur travaille au Sénégal.
We live in Montreal, but my sister works in Senegal.
Je vais chez le dentiste en métro ; son cabinet est en face de la gare.
I go to the dentist by metro; his office is across from the station.

S9 -IR and -RE verbs

  • Rule: three families share the -ir and -re endings.
  • The finir family inserts -iss- in the plural.
  • The vendre family keeps a bare stem for il and elle, with no ending at all.
  • The partir family drops a letter in the singular and takes no -iss-.
  • Then aller, faire, venir and prendre follow no family and are learned as they are.
Decide — which family the verb belongs to
FamilyWhat it doesExample
finir, choisir, réussir, grandir-iss- in the pluralNous finissons à cinq heures.We finish at five.
vendre, attendre, répondre, entendreno ending for il · elleIl vend sa voiture.He is selling his car.
partir, sortir, dormir, servira letter drops in the singular, no -iss-Je pars demain.I am leaving tomorrow.
allerits own formsJe vais au bureau.I am going to the office.
faireits own formsVous faites les courses.You do the shopping.
venir, prendrethe stem shifts in the pluralNous prenons le train.We take the train.
Separate — the finir family vs the partir family
finir — with -iss-partir — without it
Nous finissons tôt.We finish early. Nous partons tôt.We leave early.
Ils choisissent un logement.They are choosing a place to live. Ils sortent du bureau.They are coming out of the office.
Elle réussit son examen.She passes her test. Elle dort huit heures.She sleeps eight hours.
Trap
The vendre family adds nothing for il and elle: il vendt → il vend, elle attende → elle attend. And the partir family never borrows the -iss-: nous partissons → nous partons.
Nous finissons à cinq heures et nous prenons le train pour rentrer.
We finish at five and we take the train to go home.
Elle part tôt, elle attend le bus et elle fait ses courses en ville.
She leaves early, she waits for the bus and she does her shopping in town.

S10 Reflexive verbs

  • Rule: a reflexive verb carries a small pronoun that matches the subject and sits right in front of the verb: me, te, se, nous, vous, se.
  • Before a vowel or a silent h they shorten to m’, t’, s’.
  • Some of these verbs also change their stem: se lever gives je me lève, s’appeler gives je m’appelle.
Decide — pick the pronoun from the subject
SubjectPronounExample
jeme · m’Je me lève à six heures.I get up at six.
tute · t’Tu t’installes ici.You are settling in here.
il · elle · onse · s’Elle se prépare vite.She gets ready quickly.
nousnousNous nous couchons tard.We go to bed late.
vousvousVous vous reposez un peu.You are resting a little.
ils · ellesse · s’Ils s’appellent chaque soir.They call each other every evening.
Separate — the plain sentence vs the same idea reshaped
The plain sentenceReshaped
Je me lève tôt.I get up early. Je ne me lève pas tôt.I do not get up early — the two pieces wrap the pronoun and the verb.
Tu te reposes le dimanche.You rest on Sundays. Te reposes-tu le dimanche ?Do you rest on Sundays? — the pronoun stays in front, the subject moves behind.
Nous nous levons tôt.We get up early. Nous devons nous lever tôt.We have to get up early — the pronoun moves in front of the base form.
Trap
After aller, vouloir or devoir, the pronoun still belongs to the real subject: Nous voulons se reposer → Nous voulons nous reposer, Je vais se lever tôt → Je vais me lever tôt.
Je m’appelle Sofia et je me lève à six heures pour courir.
My name is Sofia and I get up at six to go running.
Nous voulons nous reposer, alors nous ne sortons pas ce soir.
We want to rest, so we are not going out tonight.
French With Guri · Phase 1 Review Quiz · 150 questions · English explanations, French practice.